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The first witness in the trial of Guatemala's former U.S.-backed dictator testified Tuesday that soldiers razed his village in 198

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Many industrial plants depend on water vapor condensing on metal plates: In power plants, the resulting water is then returned to a boiler to be vaporized again; in desalination plants, it yields a supply of clean water. The efficiency of such plants depends crucially on how easily droplets of water can form on these metal plates, or condensers, and how easily they fall away, leaving room for more droplets to form. The key to improving the efficiency of such plants is to increase the condensers’ heat-transfer coefficient — a measure of how readily heat can be transferred away from those surfaces, explains Nenad Miljkovic, a doctoral student in mechanical engineering at MIT. As part of his thesis research, he and colleagues have done just that: designing, making and testing a coated surface with nanostructured patterns that greatly increase the heat-transfer coefficient.The results of that work have been published in the journal Nano Letters, in a paper co-authored by Miljkovic, mechanical engineering associate professor Evelyn Wang, and five other researchers from the Device Research Lab (DRL) in MIT’s mechanical engineering department.On a typical, flat-plate condenser, water vapor condenses to form a liquid film on the surface, drastically reducing the condenser’s ability to collect more water until gravity drains the film. “It acts as a barrier to heat transfer,” Miljkovic says. He and other researchers have focused on ways of encouraging water to bead up into droplets that then fall away from the surface, allowing more rapid water removal.“The way to remove the thermal barrier is to remove [the droplets] as quickly as possible,” he says. Many researchers have studied ways of doing this by creating hydrophobic surfaces, either through chemical treatment or through surface patterning. But Miljkovic and his colleagues have now taken this a step further by making scalable surfaces with nanoscale features that barely touch the droplets. The result: Droplets don’t just fall from the surface, but actually jump away from it, increasing the efficiency of the process. The energy released as tiny droplets merge to form larger ones is enough to propel the droplets upward from the surface, meaning the removal of droplets doesn’t depend solely on gravity. Plans include bicycle racks on the lowest level and six spaces for car-sharing vehicles. Residents would also get their own private garden plots on the car-free grounds.After the Rangers defenseman Marc Staal was struck in the eye by a deflected puck on Tuesday night, the debate over mandatory visors was renewed yet again. This week the Dining section is introducing Restaurant Takeaway, a new feature devoted to restaurant food you can make at home. The expansion, outlined in a report on the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy, would double the number of zones to six and include an additional 640,000 New York City residents.     • Governing body has 'no problem' with Turkish referee• 'There are no issues for us regarding the sending off'Uefa insists it has "no problem" with the Turkish referee Cuneyt Cakir following his controversial handling of Manchester United's 2-1 defeat to Real Madrid on Tuesday and said he will remain on its list of officials to take charge of Champions League matches this season.Cakir caused shock and outrage at Old Trafford when he showed Nani a straight red card for a waist-high challenge on Alvaro Arbeloa in the 57th minute of Tuesday's contest. United were leading micro niche finder the time but, reduced to 10 men, eventually lost 2-1 to Real and exited the Champions League on a 3-2 aggregate scoreline.• Match report: Manchester United 1-2 Real Madrid (2-3 agg)• Sir Alex Ferguson rages over United's exit• Ferdinand may face Uefa action over sarcastic ref applause• Michael Cox: Mourinho's Modric change was spot on• Jamie Jackson: defeat was harsh on Ryan Giggs• In pictures: Tom Jenkins' big-match gallerySir Alex Ferguson was left "distraught" by the decision, while Rio Ferdinand could yet face sanction for the manner in which he sarcastically applauded Cakir after the final whistle. The 36-year-old referee has also received abuse and death threats via Twitter, with some irate United fans making great play of the fact that Cakir's official account shows him following Real Madrid and Cristiano Ronaldo.However, the official will not face any immediate action from Uefa, with the governing body unconcerned by the storm surrounding him and happy to wait for reports into his display from the referee's observer, Pierluigi Collina, and match delegate Rudolf Zavrl, both of whom were in attendance at Old Trafford."We have no problem with him," a Uefa spokesman said. "There are no issues for us regarding the sending off and we will wait for the official reports of the match delegate and the referee's observer, as is procedure. If they raise concerns then we will act."Asked if Cakir was in any danger of not referring again during this season's Champions League, the spokesman added: "He remains on our list of officials."Uefa has also confirmed that Nani will receive an automatic one-match European suspension following his red card and that United can appeal against the sanction only after the governing body's disciplinary panel has meet to discuss the issue when, it is possible, the suspension could be raised.Cakir, meanwhile, flew back to Istanbul from Manchester on Wednesday morning and is scheduled to recommence refereeing duties in Turkey's Super Lig this weekend.The insurance agent started officiating in his homeland's top division 12 years ago before progressing to the Uefa Cup in 2008. He made his Champions League debut in September 2010, taking charge of a group match between Rubin Kazan and Barcelona that ended 1-1 and in which both goals came via penalties.Cakir has history with English clubs and players, having sent off Mario Balotelli during a Europa League match between Manchester City and Dynamo Kyiv in 2011, Steven Gerrard during England's World Cup qualifier with Ukraine last September and Gary Cahill during Chelsea's World Cup final defeat to Corinthians three months later.It was also Cakir who dismissed John Terry in the early stages of Chelsea's Champions League semi-final, second-leg tie with Barcelona last season.The Turk, who is on Fifa's long list to officiate at next year's World Cup in Brazil, has a reputation for being card happy and prior to Tuesday he had shown another 11 red cards in the past 12 months, including three in a goalless draw between Fenerbahce and Galatasaray last May.Real MadridManchester UnitedChampions LeagueUefaSachin Nakraniguardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds THE REPORT is chilling. Optimistically titled "U.S. Computer Emergency Readiness Team Makes Progress in Securing Cyberspace, but Challenges Remain," it paints a disturbing picture of a national security forex growth bot to happen. The U.S. Computer Emergency Readiness Team, or CERT, established in... Police officers visited tight end Aaron Hernandez’s house in Massachusetts on Tuesday after a body was found Monday in an industrial park about a mile away.     Plant infringement.     Nik Wallenda’s 23-minute walk drew more viewers to Discovery than anything else on television on Sunday night.     A haven from hectic Ho Chi Mihn City.     Lawmakers examined agency cost-saving plans and members of both parties accused each other of having things backward in the sequester blame game during a pair of hearings on Tuesday for the House oversight committee. Read full article >> “Götterdämmerung,” with Deborah Voigt, completes the “Ring” cycle at the Met.     College graduates are the only group that has more people employed today than when the recession started.     The British swimmer, who is preparing for this week's British Gas International in Leeds, talks about his future plans and the eight years of hard work that led up to London 2012At night the roars still ring around Michael Jamieson's head as he is drifting off to sleep. Then his thoughts slip back, again, to that night in August when he won his Olympic silver medal in front of 17,500 fans. Jamieson, a 200m breaststroker, swam the best race of his life in that final, and it took the fastest swim in history, by Hungary's Daniel Gyurta, to beat him to the gold. Jamieson was one of only three British swimmers, along with his fellow breaststrokers Craig Benson and Andrew Willis, to set a new personal best in the Games. And unlike the other two, it won him a medal. He was the one outstanding performer in a squad who had a desperately disappointing Olympics.Cut back to 2004, when Jamieson was 15. He had a meeting with his coach, who asked him: "Why are you in this sport, and what do you want to get from it?" Jamieson wrote down a list of goals. The top target was to win a medal at the 2012 Olympics. His coach asked him what time he thought it would take to do it. "I looked at the progression of Olympic results from Atlanta, Sydney and Athens," Jamieson says. "And I calculated that it was going to take a swim of 2min 8sec to win a medal." He wrote it down on a piece of paper, which he kept by his bedside. That was 18 seconds quicker than the kind of times he was churning out at the time.Over the next eight years, Jamieson shaved away seconds and fractions of seconds from his personal best, spending countless, thankless hours in training, always aiming for that magical mark of 2min 8sec. The hardest yards, he says, were swum in Paris in 2009. He moved there so he could stick with his coach, though his parents could barely afford to pay for him to go. "I was staying in an attic, with one hob to cook on and a shower cubicle that doubled up as a wardrobe. Looking back on it now I am delighted I did it, because it was really character building. It was rough, but it was only ever about the swimming, and as long as I was swimming fast, I could put up with anything else."In the first round of the Olympics, he clocked 2min 8.98sec, the google sniper had come yet. In the semi-finals he went quicker still, taking his time down to 2min 08.20sec. And in the final, finally, he got there, finishing in 2min 07.43sec. "For the first time in my career I actually surprised myself," Jamieson says. "And I think that was partly down to the crowd. It was such an amazing atmosphere I don't think I will ever experience anything like that again. I know it made the difference."Of course Jamieson was far from the only British swimmer to invest so much time and effort in his preparation for the Olympics. But he was one of the few to be buoyed up by the raucous support of the crowd when the Games finally came around. Some of his team-mates seemed to be bowed down by it. "Everyone's personality is different," he says. "But for me that's what it is all about. I don't train for the sake of it, or because I enjoy it. I train because I want to win medals at major meets. I see the atmosphere at the big competitions as a reward for all the hard work I have done."Another difference between Jamieson and his team-mates was his performance at the Olympic trials, which was so bad that he only just scraped on to the team. "In the end that turned out to be a blessing in disguise," he says, "because I went into the Games as a bit of a dark horse, a bit under the radar."Jamieson was sorry to see Michael Scott leave his job as British Swimming's performance director. He says he "had a great relationship with him" and that "he was a very popular figure within the team". But then, unlike almost every other swimmer on the GB squad, Jamieson was able to say in the post-Games review that the Olympics really had been the "best two weeks of my life". Still, he feels Scott carried the can for some poor performances that were not really his fault. "It is up to us to get our hand to the wall first," he says. "If results hadn't gone the way I wanted, I wouldn't have turned around and said it was anyone else's fault except my own. Unfortunately, Michael had to stand up and take responsibility for it."The British squad were "shocked", Jamieson says, by the negative coverage they were given after the Games. But now it is time to "dust ourselves off as a team and get ready for the world championships this year".That process starts on Thursday, with the British Gas International in Leeds. "I have four years maximum left in the sport and I want to be winning medals every year until then," he says. He has an eye on Rio 2016. But he hasn't written down the time he thinks it will take to win gold. Yet.Michael Jamieson is a British Gas ambassador and supports SwimBritain, a campaign to get more people swimming regularly. Visit facebook.com/BGSwimmingSwimmingOlympic Games 2016Andy Bullguardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds The e-mail sent by fugitive documents leaker Edward Snowden to human rights groups working in Russia asks representatives from the groups to meet with him at the airport at 5 p.m. fat burning furnace pdf on Friday (9 a.m. Eastern time). Read full article >>     Stu Jackson will step down as executive vice president for basketball operations at the N.B.A., and Rod Thorn will return as president for basketball operations, the league said.     Antoni Muntadas. Muntadas: Between the Frames: The Forum. (Museu d’Art Contemporani de Barcelona, MACBA) Barcelona. (España/Spain) The NFL has agreed to pay $42 million as part of a settlement with a group of retired players who challenged the league over using their names and images without their consent. Former champion John Daly has withdrawn from next week's British Open golf through injury, organizers said on Monday.     Oklahoma City Thunder defeat LA Lakers 122-105; Boston Celtics beat Philadelphia 76ers 109-101Hunter Felt: Five things we learned this weekOklahoma City's Russell Westbrook had 37 points and 10 rebounds, and Kevin Durant scored 26 as the Thunder held off a second-half charge to down the Los Angeles Lakers 122-105.The Thunder led from start to finish, but had their 18-point lead whittled down to five midway through the fourth quarter.Kobe Bryant ended up with 30 points after leaving the game with a right elbow injury in the first quarter. Steve Nash matched his season best with 20 points as the Lakers fell back below .500 after reaching the mark for the first time since December.Paul Pierce had 18 points and 11 rebounds, and Avery Bradley scored 22 points to lead the Boston Celtics to a 109-101 win over the Philadelphia 76ers on Wednesday.Led by Pierce, the Celtics controlled the game and used a 9-0 run midway through the fourth quarter to seal the win. Last May, these two teams went to Game 7 of the Eastern Conference semifinals. On Wednesday, the Sixers lost for the ninth time in 10 games and are well out of the playoff race.Jrue Holiday had 18 points and 10 assists for the Sixers, and Thaddeus Young had 19 points and 10 rebounds.At Sacramento, California, Ty Lawson had 24 points and Danilo Gallinari added 23 as the Denver Nuggets won their sixth straight game 120-113 over the Sacramento Kings.The deep and talented Nuggets used a 36-point third quarter to build a lead against the Kings that they never relinquished in winning their season-best third straight road game. They scored 70 second-half points when they shot nearly 64 percent.The streaking Nuggets have won seven of eight games, including 11 in a row at home, where they own a 26-3 record, which ties Miami for the best mark in the NBA.Kenneth Faried had 19 points and 12 rebounds, Andre Miller scored 16 and Kosta Koufos had 15 points and eight rebounds for Denver.NBAUS sportsBoston CelticsPhiladelphia 76ersOklahoma City ThunderLos Angeles Lakersguardian.co.uk © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More Feeds The decision to hold a stand-alone event reflected the company’s emphasis on interactive entertainment, including chats and playing along with a game show at home.     Scenes from a city rocked by a shock wave when a meteor hit the atmosphere offered a glimpse of an apocalyptic scenario that scientists said had never before hurt so many people. The bride is the head of production and development for a video production company; the groom is the digital distribution manager for an independent film distribution Web